International cooperation on occupational safety and health issues
Introduction.
International cooperation on occupational safety and health plays an important role in the exchange of information and knowledge in this area, which makes it possible to improve both local and international standards and requirements in the field of occupational safety and health of workers in various fields of labor application. Moreover, the issue is becoming relevant due to the constantly changing approaches to work, the introduction of new technologies and techniques into work processes.
Currently, international cooperation on occupational safety and health has a number of important advantages and significant aspects:
1. Exchange of experience and best practices: allows countries to share knowledge and experience in the field of occupational safety, which contributes to the development of effective strategies and methods for the protection and protection of workers' health.
2. Standardization and harmonization: promotes the development of common standards and regulations in the field of occupational safety, which simplifies the comparison and application of harmonized occupational safety and health standards between different countries.
3. Joint research and development: allows joint research and development of new technologies, methods and means of labor protection, contributing to innovation and improving safety.
4. Coordination of efforts in the fight against global challenges: helps to respond more effectively to global challenges in the field of occupational safety, such as pandemics, climate change and new types of hazards in the workplace.
5. Awareness-raising and training: promotes the exchange of information and training of specialists in the field of occupational safety, which contributes to increasing awareness and competence in this area.
Overall, international cooperation on occupational safety and health plays a key role in creating a safe and healthy work environment for workers around the world.
To date, within the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), employers have formed the opinion that production can be started or continued in violation of labor protection and sanitary standards. At the same time, employers do not take into account the fact that unfavorable working conditions lead to a sharp decrease in working capacity.
According to the data provided in the Collection of scientific papers of the International Scientific and Technical Conference "Construction: development trends and prospects" (25-26.06.2014), in order to restore their strength, an employee takes irregular breaks from work, which sometimes reach up to 40% of the operational time. At the same time, serviceable equipment and buildings are idle, products are not produced. Labor productivity is falling by at least 20%. It becomes obvious that the decisive element of improving working conditions should not be their improvement, but the formation of working conditions corresponding to sanitary standards to ensure highly efficient work. At the same time, labor protection should not become an integral part, but the goal of organizing production, ensuring a sharp increase in labor productivity.
An analysis of the results of scientific research, including ergonomics and engineering psychology, shows that an employee is considered a black box in the labor system, and this leads to contradictory conclusions that cannot be averaged. The adaptability of an employee is incommensurable with the capabilities of machinery and technology. A person working in conditions that meet sanitary and hygienic requirements and safety makes one mistake per 10,000 movements on average. With deteriorating conditions and increasing work intensity, the number of errors increases progressively and can reach a ratio of 1:100. For example, tractor drivers who work an extended working day (more than 8 hours) have 3.75 times higher occupational injuries and diseases are 6 times more common than tractor drivers with a normal working day.
One of the most important components of life safety is work safety, since a person spends most of his life engaged in work. If before industrial labor was mainly physical, muscular in nature, then later, with the advent of technology, the formation of the technosphere, human capabilities significantly expanded and at the same time the requirements for labor safety increased.
International cooperation in the field of labor relations has a wide range of areas of interaction between the Ministry of Employment and Poverty Reduction of the Republic of Uzbekistan and all its structural divisions with foreign partners. It also occupies an important place in the general system of international relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The Ministry of Employment and Poverty Reduction of the Republic of Uzbekistan is working purposefully to establish, develop and expand partnerships with:
• Foreign agencies responsible for the implementation of policies in the field of labor, employment, labor relations, migration and social protection;
• International organizations;
• International financial institutions.
To date, 28 cooperation agreements and memoranda of understanding have been signed regulating international cooperation between the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations with foreign partners, and close partnerships have been established with the Ministries of Labor of the Russian Federation, South Korea, Japan, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, the United States, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan.
Close cooperation is carried out with UN Agencies and international institutions.
In particular, the Ministry is one of the main national partners of the International Labour Organization, of which the Republic of Uzbekistan has been a member since 1992, and to date Uzbekistan has ratified 15 conventions of the Organization.
An example of cooperation is the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between Uzbekistan and the International Labour Organization, providing for the extension of the implementation of the "Decent Work Country Program" for 2017-2020, which took place on February 28, 2017 in Tashkent.
Within the framework of the Decent Work Country Program, measures have been implemented to improve labor legislation, raise public awareness of labor rights, and establish a feedback mechanism aimed at strengthening the legal culture of the population and promptly responding to violations of labor legislation.
Within the framework of cooperation with the United Nations Development Program in Uzbekistan, the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations is implementing a project aimed at actively promoting youth employment in Uzbekistan.
The main components of the project are: support and promotion of youth employment through an active labor market policy, promotion of youth and women's entrepreneurship and business startups, expansion of the Ministry's capabilities to provide services to promote youth employment.
UNICEF is one of the key partners of the Ministry in the field of social protection of the population.
In 2016, a joint cooperation Plan was signed between the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan and UNICEF within the framework of the Cooperation Program of the Republic of Uzbekistan and UNICEF for 2016-2020.
It should be noted that the key areas of this cooperation were: 1) Assessment of the social protection system; 2) Improvement of national capacity in the development, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of social protection programs; 3) Development of social protection policy and systemic reform; 4) Development of a unified register/integrated management information system (IMS) for the social protection system.
The Ministry is also one of the strategic partners of the International Organization for Migration.
At the 109th session of the Council of the IOM (International Organization for Migration), which is the UN agency for Migration, in Geneva on November 27, 2018, Uzbekistan's application to join the IOM as a member country was supported. Thus, Uzbekistan became the 173rd member of the IOM.
Cooperation with the Korean Agency for International Cooperation (KOICA) is actively underway, in particular, the project "Development of vocational training opportunities in Uzbekistan" is being jointly implemented, within the framework of which Vocational Training Centers are being created in Tashkent and the regions of the republic.
In accordance with the business plan for the country between Uzbekistan and ADB for the period 2018-2021, the implementation of a skills development project for the modern economy in the amount of $ 100 million is envisaged.
The project provides for the implementation of measures to strengthen the interconnectedness between the labor market and the vocational education system, improve the quality of vocational training for the unemployed and youth, improve the management of the vocational education system and promote employment.
The Ministry is also one of the partners of the project of the International Finance Corporation for the development of socially responsible and sustainable cotton production in Uzbekistan and is a member of the Advisory Board.
The project creates practical examples of profitable production and harvesting of socially responsible and environmentally sustainable cotton without the need for forced labor.
Knowing that the main productive force is the employee, and how his ability to work is maintained and developed, the results of work and the pace of socio-economic development of any country largely depend. And when concluding the above-mentioned agreements and memoranda, the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan focuses as much as possible on ensuring the preservation of the life and health of workers and migrant workers.
Appendix No. 1
The list of international agreements concluded between the Republic of Uzbekistan, where the Ministry implements:
1 Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Government of the Russian Federation on the mutual establishment of representative offices of competent authorities in the field of migration
2 Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Government of the Russian Federation on the organized recruitment and involvement of citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan for temporary employment in the territory of the Russian Federation
3 Agreement between the Federal Service for Labor and Employment (Russian Federation)
and the Agency for External Labor Migration under the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On information exchange"
4 Memorandum of cooperation between the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection! The Russian Federation in the social and labor sphere.
5 Regulations on the Working Group on the implementation of the Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the organized recruitment and involvement of citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan for temporary employment in the Territory of the Russian Federation dated April 5, 2017.
6 Agreement on cooperation in the field of training, qualification assessment and certification of welding production specialists.
7 Agreement between the Committee on Labor and Employment of St. Petersburg (Russian Federation) and the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan on cooperation in the field of labor, employment and labor migration.
9 Minutes of the meeting of the Working Group "On the implementation of the Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Government of the Russian Federation on the organized recruitment and involvement of citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan for temporary employment in the territory of the Russian Federation" dated April 5, 2017 (hereinafter - the Working Group).
10 Memorandum of Understanding between the Single Center for the Provision of services to the unemployed - Ishga Marhamat, under the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
11 Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education Russian University of Friendship of Peoples (RUDN)
12 Plan of joint activities of the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection! For 2019-2021, on the implementation of the Memorandum of Cooperation between the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the social and labor sphere.
13 Memorandum of Cooperation between NIPIgazpererabotka Joint Stock Company, Renaissance Heavy Industries LLC and Yamata Yatyrym JSC of the Russian Federation and the Agency for External Labor Migration under the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
14 Memorandum of cooperation between the Single Center for the Provision of services to the unemployed – Ishga Marhamat, under the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as Viessmann Waekr GmbH s Co. KG, Germany.
15 Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Turkey and the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the Protection of the Rights of migrant workers and their family members".
16 Memorandum of Cooperation between the Ministry of Personnel Management of the Republic of Korea and the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan
17 Memorandum of Understanding between the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
18 Agreement on strategic cooperation of the Joint Venture Uzbek-China Professional Training Center LLC between LLC Monocenter for the provision of services to the unemployed population Ishga Marhamat under the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
19 Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan on labor activity and protection of the rights of migrant workers who are citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the Republic of Kazakhstan and migrant workers who are citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
20 Protocol on Cooperation between the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Government of the United Arab Emirates on Human Resources.
21 1. Minutes of the meeting between the project management group of the Korean Agency for International Cooperation and the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the project "Creation of a vocational training center in the Ferghana region of the Republic of Uzbekistan",
2. Memorandum between the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Korean Agency for International Cooperation of the Republic of Korea, Kameng College University "On mutual understanding in the field of further development of the Samarkand Center for Vocational Training and Human Resource Development of the region through the organization of a business incubator and startup training",
3. Protocol of discussions between the Korean Agency for International Cooperation of the Republic of Korea and the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the project "Creation of a vocational training center in Urgench district of Khorezm region, a national certification system, and a teacher training center in Uzbekistan"
22 The United Nations Development Programme "Promoting Youth Employment in Uzbekistan".
23 Memorandum of Understanding Initial mission in the framework of transactional technical assistance for the proposed project "Skills Development for a modern economy in the Republic of Uzbekistan", Asian Development Bank.
24 Memorandum of Understanding between the Union "Agency for the Development of Professional Communities and Workers "Young Professionals (Worldkills Russia)" and the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan".
25 Supplementary Agreement to the Moscow Declaration of June 10, 2011 "On Joining the Regional Alliance of the CIS Member States and Mongolia (RAIT CIS and Mongolia)".
26 Agreement on cooperation between the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the International Migration Organization.
27 Memorandum of cooperation between the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the representative office of the German Konrad Adenauer Foundation in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
28 Agreement between the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary.
29 Memorandum of Understanding and Cooperation between the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Ministry of Labor, Migration and Employment of the Republic of Tajikistan.
30 Memorandum of cooperation on the implementation of the intern technical training program between the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan and the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
31 Memorandum of cooperation on a basic basis on information interaction in order to correctly apply the system of foreign labor resources, with the status of stay "employee with special skills" between the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, the National Police Agency of Japan.
Link to sources
1. https://mehnat.uz/ru/pages/mezhdunarodnoe-sotrudnichestvo,
2. file:///C:/Users/itself/Dovnloads/problems-and-ways-to-solve-them-in-the-field-of-labor protection.pf,
